This study focused primarily on the different actors involved in the rice production in Tonga (West-Cameroon) and strategies set to boost its cultivation, and it brought up some suggestions to the various problems that tend to weaken the activity. Preserving and enhancing food security requires agricultural production systems to increase productivity and to reduce output variability in the face of climate change and other agro-ecological and socio-economic risks. It is proven that poorer countries and communities will suffer earliest and hardest from global warming because of weaker resilience and greater reliance on climate‐sensitive sectors like agriculture. Women, girls and youths are the main actors involved in the rice production in Tonga. But the 2007's riots, coupled with the food prices soaring, deeply raise the double problem in the fight against food insecurity and poverty. The objective was to investigate the role played by the rice-growing activity in Tonga in the fight against food insecurity and poverty. Rice production in Tonga is on the rise because of its natural assets and good quality of the rice cultivated in the locality. To test our hypotheses, we used Quivy Campenhoudt and Van (2006) and Thiétart (1999) methods ranging from field investigation (enquiries to relevant stakeholders, on-the-spot assessment), sampling techniques, to data collection and processing. These methods have demonstrated that rice-growing contributes about 80% to the fight against food insecurity and alleviate poverty in Tonga. These findings could contribute to the improvement of the living conditions of rural populations in Tonga.