Interactions between habitat use, isotopic niche variation and overlap among fish species in a temperate semi-enclosed sea
Carolina Giraldo  1, 2@  , Bruno Ernande  3@  , Pierre Cresson  4@  , Dorothée Kopp  5@  , Marie Cachera  6@  , Morgane Travers  4@  , Sebastien Lefebvre  1, 2@  
1 : Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences  (LOG)  -  Website
Université Lille I - Sciences et technologies, CNRS : UMR8187, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
28 av Foch 62930 Wimereux -  France
2 : Université Lille 1 - Sciences et technologies  -  Website
Université Lille I - Sciences et technologies
3 : Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques  (LRH)  -  Website
Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Ifremer, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, 150 Quai Gambetta BP 699, F-62321 Boulogne sur mer, France -  France
4 : Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques  (LRH)
Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Ifremer, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, 150 Quai Gambetta BP 699, F-62321 Boulogne sur mer, France -  France
5 : Unité de recherche Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques  (STH)  -  Website
Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Centre Ifremer de Bretagne, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané -  France
6 : Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin  (LEMAR)  -  Website
Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM)
Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané -  France

Recent advances on stable isotope metrics allowed characterizing population trophic niche width and overlap through the concept of “isotopic niche”. Although these metrics have provided ecologists with new statistical tools to compare isotopic niches, it is still unclear how habitat use and feeding strategy influence niche width and the subsequent probability of overlap. We analyzed the effect of depth on niche width (Bayesian standard ellipse areas, SEAc) and overlap of the 10 main commercial fish species from the English Channel belonging to diverse functional groups: pelagic piscivorous (e.g., Atlantic mackerel), demersal piscivorous (e.g., European seabass), benthic feeders (e.g., Small-spotted catshark) and endobenthic feeders (e.g., Common sole). Overall, Atlantic mackerel was the species with the widest niche (SEAc = 3.36) while Whiting had the narrowest niche (SEAc =0.62). Depth influenced niche width, for example, mackerel fish collected bellow 10m depth had smaller SEAc (2.24) than individuals collected between 10-20m depth (3.23). Consequently, the probability of Atlantic mackerel's niche overlap with another species' isotopic niche was highly variable ranging from 14% to 90% depending on the second species considered and sampling depth. A mixing model showed that depth (used as a proxy of habitat variation) greatly influenced resource use and was particularly important for pelagic species feeding mostly on suprabenthic prey in shallow waters (20m). Our results highlight the importance of accounting for feeding strategy and habitat when comparing isotopic niches across species at the population level.



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